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French civic exam 2026, Rights and duties
Which right allows a person to defend themselves in court?
An official question of the French civic exam, with its answer and the official text that proves it, in French and English.
Multi-year residence permit no. 91
Quel droit permet à une personne de se défendre devant la justice ?
Which right allows a person to defend themselves in court?
Answer. The rights of the defense, in particular the right to a lawyer and to a fair trial.
Les droits de la défense, en particulier le droit à un avocat et à un procès équitable.
An accused person can defend themselves before a judge. They have the right to a lawyer, to a fair trial, and they are presumed innocent until their guilt is proven.
The official text that proves it
« Le droit à la sûreté suppose le respect des droits de la défense comme : le droit à un procès équitable (être accompagné, dans la langue qu’il comprend) ; la présomption d’innocence (toute personne accusée est dite "innocente" tant que sa culpabilité n’a pas été prouvée) ; le droit à un avocat ; »
The right to security requires respect for the rights of the defense, such as the right to a fair trial (being assisted, in a language one understands), the presumption of innocence (every accused person is considered innocent until their guilt has been proven), and the right to a lawyer.
In French, with its English meaning. read the official sheet
Next questions in this theme
- What is the founding text that establishes the rights and duties of every citizen in France?
- Which text was adopted during the French Revolution?
- Which freedom allows a person to have no religion?
- A woman may have an abortion
- Is it always possible to get a divorce?
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Questions from the official lists of the French Ministry of the Interior, quotations from the civic training sheets, the Constitution and the 1789 Declaration, Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0. This is not a government site. The official sheets are free, in French, on formation-civique.interieur.gouv.fr.
