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French civic exam 2026, Rights and duties
What does it mean to be a citizen of a State?
An official question of the French civic exam, with its answer and the official text that proves it, in French and English.
Naturalisation no. 97
Que signifie être citoyen d'un État ?
What does it mean to be a citizen of a State?
Answer. It means holding the nationality of that country, with rights, such as the right to vote, and duties, such as obeying the law.
C'est avoir la nationalité de ce pays, avec des droits, comme le droit de vote, et des devoirs, comme respecter les lois.
A French citizen holds French nationality. The State protects them, they can vote, and they must obey the law and pay their taxes.
The official text that proves it
« Le citoyen français a la nationalité française. Il bénéficie de la protection de l’État et doit respecter ses lois. On dit qu’il est “ressortissant” du pays. »
A French citizen holds French nationality. They benefit from the protection of the State and must obey its laws. They are said to be a national of the country.
In French, with its English meaning. read the official sheet
Next questions in this theme
- What are fundamental rights?
- Which right protects a person against arbitrary arrest?
- What is the founding text that establishes the rights and duties of every citizen?
- Which text states that all men are born free and equal in rights?
- Which situation is a violation of human dignity?
All 521 official questions, in French and English
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Questions from the official lists of the French Ministry of the Interior, quotations from the civic training sheets, the Constitution and the 1789 Declaration, Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0. This is not a government site. The official sheets are free, in French, on formation-civique.interieur.gouv.fr.
