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French civic exam 2026, History, geography and culture
In what year was the European Union founded?
An official question of the French civic exam, with its answer and the official text that proves it, in French and English.
Naturalisation no. 140
En quelle année l'Union européenne a-t-elle été fondée?
In what year was the European Union founded?
Answer. In 1992, with the Maastricht Treaty (which entered into force on 1 November 1993).
En 1992, avec le traité de Maastricht (entré en vigueur le 1er novembre 1993).
The Maastricht Treaty, signed in 1992, transforms the EEC into the European Union. It takes effect starting in 1993. If 1992 is not among the answer choices, choose 1993, and do not confuse it with 1957 (the creation of the EEC).
The official text that proves it
« en 1992, le traité de Maastricht transforme la CEE en Union Européenne (UE) : la citoyenneté européenne est créée et une monnaie unique est prévue ; »
in 1992, the Maastricht Treaty transforms the EEC into the European Union (EU), European citizenship is created and a single currency is planned.
In French, with its English meaning. read the official sheet
To be confirmed against the four options shown on exam day, which the ministry does not publish.
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Questions from the official lists of the French Ministry of the Interior, quotations from the civic training sheets, the Constitution and the 1789 Declaration, Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0. This is not a government site. The official sheets are free, in French, on formation-civique.interieur.gouv.fr.
