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French civic exam 2026, Institutions and political system
The separation of powers is a fundamental principle. What are the three powers involved?
An official question of the French civic exam, with its answer and the official text that proves it, in French and English.
Multi-year residence permit no. 63, Resident card no. 60
La séparation des pouvoirs est un principe fondamental. Quels sont les trois pouvoirs concernés ?
The separation of powers is a fundamental principle. What are the three powers involved?
Answer. Legislative power, executive power and judicial power.
Le pouvoir législatif, le pouvoir exécutif et le pouvoir judiciaire.
The legislature makes the laws, the executive enforces them, the judiciary oversees compliance and punishes violations. These three powers are not held by the same people.
The official text that proves it
« En France, la séparation des 3 pouvoirs signifie que les pouvoirs législatif (le Parlement vote les lois), exécutif (le Gouvernement applique et fait respecter la loi) et judiciaire (l’autorité judiciaire contrôle l’application des lois) ne sont pas entre les mains des mêmes personnes . »
In France, the separation of the 3 powers means that legislative power (Parliament passes the laws), executive power (the Government enforces and ensures compliance with the law), and judicial power (judicial authority oversees the application of the laws) are not held by the same people.
In French, with its English meaning. read the official sheet
Next questions in this theme
- Who holds legislative power?
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- Who passes the laws?
- Who resides at the Elysee Palace?
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Questions from the official lists of the French Ministry of the Interior, quotations from the civic training sheets, the Constitution and the 1789 Declaration, Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0. This is not a government site. The official sheets are free, in French, on formation-civique.interieur.gouv.fr.
