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French civic exam 2026, Rights and duties

On what grounds can freedom of expression be limited?

An official question of the French civic exam, with its answer and the official text that proves it, in French and English.

Resident card no. 115

Pour quel motif peut-on limiter la liberté d'expression ?

On what grounds can freedom of expression be limited?

Answer. To protect others and public order, for example against insults, or calls for hatred or violence.

Pour protéger les autres et l'ordre public, par exemple contre les insultes, les appels à la haine ou à la violence.

It is possible to criticize ideas and religions. But the law punishes insults, defamation, incitement to hatred or violence, and denial of the Shoah.

The official text that proves it

« Certains propos sont punis par la loi, par exemple : les insultes ou propos haineux envers des personnes à cause de leur religion ; l'encouragement à commettre certains crimes ou délits contre une religion ; l’ incitation à la haine raciale ou ethnique, à la violence ou à la discrimination religieuse ; »

Certain statements are punished by law, for example insults or hateful remarks against people because of their religion, encouragement to commit certain crimes or offenses against a religion, and incitement to racial or ethnic hatred, to violence, or to religious discrimination.

In French, with its English meaning. read the official sheet

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Questions from the official lists of the French Ministry of the Interior, quotations from the civic training sheets, the Constitution and the 1789 Declaration, Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0. This is not a government site. The official sheets are free, in French, on formation-civique.interieur.gouv.fr.